In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth. The earth was without form and void, and darkness was over the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God was hovering over the face of the waters.
(Genesis 1:1-2) ESV
Gravity was created on the second day. Matter space and time existed before gravity was created. This has profound significance for theoretical Physics but we’re going to ignore that for now.
It’s more important to show from scripture how we’ve deduced this conclusion. We have to understand context and establish a timeline. The context is given in Genesis 1:2. Before God created anything there was a body of water called the deep. It’s translated from the Hebrew tehom and is also translated as depths. This has profound significance for theology but we’re going to ignore that for now.
And God said, “Let there be an expanse in the midst of the waters, and let it separate the waters from the waters.” And God made the expanse and separated the waters that were under the expanse from the waters that were above the expanse. And it was so. And God called the expanse Heaven. And there was evening and there was morning, the second day.
(Genesis 1:6-8) ESV
We’re told that God created heaven on the second day. That’s an effect. What we need to do is deduce the cause. Our key words are the deep, established and heaven.
When he established the heavens, I was there; when he drew a circle on the face of the deep,
(Proverbs 8:27) ESV
Establishing heaven was the result of drawing a circle on the face of the deep. This is the same depths as are mentioned in Genesis 1:2. The act of drawing a circle requires the use of a compass, which is how some versions translate the verse. We’re relating cause and effect. The effect is drawing a circle, the cause is establishing a central point.
- The deep,
- cause: establish a central point,
- effect: draw a circle,
- heaven is established.
If cause leads directly to effect then the two processes could be said to be synchronous. This would presumably be the case given that the deep is a body of water which has the mass of the entire universe (including the missing %90 that popular science (SciPop) can’t find). Whatever happened wasn’t instantaneous. What physical mechanism exists which could cause a circle to form around a central point, which was manifested as an expanse forming between waters under it and waters above it? What else happened when the heavens were established?
My hand laid the foundation of the earth, and my right hand spread out the heavens; when I call to them, they stand forth together.
(Isaiah 48:13) ESV
The heavens were created when God laid the foundation of the earth. The same command caused both effects to occur. The cause was the creation of gravity. In this context the foundation of the earth refers to a gravitational singularity.

The Foundation of the Earth
The phrase “the foundation(s) of the earth/world” carries a lot of meaning. We conduct a systematic study of the phrase.
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