Kepler’s Laws

Kepler's laws don't prove heliocentricity, they prove that the sun is at one focus of elliptical planetary orbits. The Earth is the other focus. Kepler couldn't find the second focus because he was standing on it.

Effect and Cause

Why are planetary orbits elliptical? We've considered this as an example of how to understand frame of reference, but Newton supposedly solved this problem mathematically in Principia Mathematica: