Antarctic Bottom Water Warming and Freshening

<< Previous | Next >> Abstract Freshening and warming of Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) between the 1980s and 2000s are quantified, assessing the relative contributions of water-mass changes and isotherm heave. The analysis uses highly accurate, full-depth, ship-based, conductivity–temperature–depth measurements taken along repeated oceanographic sections around the Southern Ocean. Fresher varieties of AABW are present …

Bottom Water Warming in the North Pacific Ocean

Masao Fukasawa, Howard Freeland, Ron Perkin, Tomowo Watanabe, Hiroshi Uchida & Ayako NishinaNature volume 427, pages 825–827 (2004) Cite this article Abstract Observations of changes in the properties of ocean waters have been restricted to surface1 or intermediate-depth waters2,3, because the detection of change in bottom water is extremely difficult owing to the small magnitude of the …